Scientists from around Australia have flown to a small western Queensland town hoping they will be able to piece together the country's largest find of fossilised rare dinosaur remains.
In 2015 grazier Bob Elliot found what he believed to be dinosaur remains on his property north-east of Winton.
Thought to be a couple of isolated bones, the find is shaping up to be the country's most complete sauropod dinosaur skeleton.
Research scientist Dr Stephen Poropat of the Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne has gone to Winton for dinosaur digs every the past seven years and said the latest discovery was the best dig he'd ever been involved in.
"It's turned out to be one of the best sauropod skeletons I've ever seen in the whole country," Dr Poropat said.
"It's the best dig I've even been on for the simple fact that you don't often get to see a sauropod neck in life condition like that, it's never happened before in Australia."
The first three weeks of digging revealed several bones of the dinosaur fondly named Judy after the wife of the Australian Age of Dinosaurs Museum co-founder David Elliot, who had also co-ordinated several digs in the past.
Several teeth, possible skull fragments and at least 10 interconnected neck vertebrae have been found.
Dr Poropat – a Research Associate of the Australian Age of Dinosaurs Museum – and several other scientists will return to the site mid-August to continue the excavation to uncover what they are hoping will be the most complete sauropod ever found in Australia.
"The previous record holder, the Jurassic-aged Rhoetosaurus brownei from Roma, is represented by about 25 per cent of a skeleton," Dr Poropat said.
"Even with the site only partially excavated, it is expected that Judy will exceed this."
"There are so many sections of the site where it's really hard to interpret exactly what's going on ... those patches may hold heaps of bones or they might just have bones around the edges and not really much around the middle.
"As far the bones we have that we can definitively identify, we're already pushing 20 per cent, we'd really be hoping to get up to 50 per cent."
This would make Judy the most complete sauropod found.
Dr Poropat said the find could even change the hypothesis of how the animals moved across the world and when they did so.
The Australian Age of Dinosaurs Museum planned to prepare the specimen and display it in the museum's new stage expected to be started in 2022.
Key finds so far and what they could show:
- The first find of sauropod teeth. This could show how powerful the dinosaur's bite was and what plants it chewed.
- What is believed to be gut contents found at the site. This could tell exactly what the animal was eating.
- The dinosaur appeared to have been scavenged by predatory dinosaurs after death as one shed theropod tooth was found in the site near the pelvis.
- The dinosaur was about 12 metres long. This shows the animal may not have been fully mature when it died as neither of the shoulder girdles were fused, as is common in older animals. It may be difficult to determine a cause of death.