Acquired by Amazon in June for an undisclosed sum, Zoox is one of several companies racing to put fully autonomous vehicles on the road, an effort that's taking longer than anticipated. Most are testing retro-fitted conventional cars on public roads, and few are commercially deployed. In October, Alphabet's self-driving unit Waymo started a fully driverless taxi service in suburban Phoenix. General Motors-backed Cruise is also testing autonomous cars - recently without safety drivers - in San Francisco, using a fleet of electric vehicles based on the Chevy Bolt.
Despite being years from deployment, several of Zoox's quirky-looking mint-green vehicles are already being built at a facility in Fremont, California. The factory has the capacity to eventually produce 10,000 to 15,000 units annually, executives said. Suppliers send the major components - the drive unit, body, battery pack and so on - pre-assembled, and Zoox then does final assembly in stages, a process it likens to building a Lego set. Executives declined to reveal the battery supplier.
The unveiling of a production car marks a significant step for a company that has been working on an autonomous passenger vehicle since its founding in 2014. At times Zoox was "ridiculed" for what it was trying to do, chief technology officer Jesse Levinson told Bloomberg TV.
"Unlike many of the concept cars other companies have shown in the last several years this vehicle has passed all the FMVSS crash tests," Levinson said, referring to tests required by US regulators.
Zoox isn't the first to unveil a fully autonomous passenger vehicle. GM's Cruise showed off a battery-powered shuttle in January. Called the Origin, it also does away with many of the controls present in conventional cars: pedals, rearview mirrors, steering wheel. Cruise plans to commercialise the Origin through a ride-sharing service and says it's cheaper to run than a conventional car.
Zoox's vehicle is similar but smaller. On each corner a "sensor pod" houses a spinning laser sensor and other lidars and as well as cameras to help it navigate. A pair of front-facing cameras sit atop of the vehicle, with other less-visible sensors mounted on the sides. Each corner pod has a 270-degree field of vision, enabling the car to see more than 360 degrees of terrain at once.
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The vehicle's safety features include air bags that form a cocoon around each passenger in the event of a crash, which Zoox says is unlikely given its confidence in the technology. The company can manually operate the vehicles remotely and communicate with passengers in real time. For those worried about privacy, Zoox says passengers will have the option to blur images captured by the onboard camera.
When Amazon acquired Zoox, industry watchers speculated that the e-commerce giant eventually planned to deploy fleets of driverless delivery vehicles. In the interview, Evans said there are currently no plans to do so but acknowledged that "at some point we could move packages."