A two-packet limit has been placed on flour, sugar, rice, pasta, eggs, paper towels, frozen fruit and vegetables, and frozen chips as a "precautionary move".
Woolworths in a statement said flooding along the key east-west freight rail track had affected the volume of products coming into Western Australia across the food and grocery industry.
"The loss of the key freight link from the east will regrettably have an impact on product availability in our stores over the next little while," Woolworths General Manager for Western Australia Karl Weber said.
"We've placed temporary purchase limits on selected categories to help ensure more customers have access to essential products while we work through the disruption."
Significant rainfall has battered South Australia over the past week, with the Australian Rail Track Corporation advising that parts of the network between Adelaide and Tarcoola are flooded and rail operations have stopped.
The supermarket giant said trucking carrier partners were working to send freight across to Western Australia, but there was a reduction in load capacity compared with rail.
"More than 80 percent of our fresh fruit and vegetable range is sourced from growers within Western Australia, so we expect that part of the store will hold up reasonably well," Mr Weber said.
"We also source a large volume of our milk, dairy and meat locally.
"Together with our transport partners, we'll continue to do everything we can to get as much stock as possible into Western Australia by road and ship."
Woolworths has also had product limits on toilet paper and analgesic (pain killers) nationwide since the middle of January 2022.