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Posted: 2023-01-30 04:42:36

WARNING: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander readers are warned the following article contains images of deceased persons.

The Gunditjmara, Dja Dja Wurrung, Wiradjuri and Yorta Yorta woman, Veronica Nelson, 37, had been transferred to a regular cell after two days suffering severe opioid withdrawal on a medical ward.

But her repeated pleas were knocked back by prison guards and healthcare staff.

In the hours before her death on the floor of a Victorian prison cell, Veronica Nelson called for help multiple times. (9News)

Coroner Simon McGregor on Monday declared Nelson's death in January 2020 was preventable and called for bail law reform citing the adverse affects it had on First Nations people.

His highly anticipated finding follows a five-week inquest, which ended in May last year.

Victoria's bail laws are widely considered to be among the toughest in the country.

The state government made changes to the Bail Act in 2018 under expert advice in response to the 2017 Bourke Street massacre.

Nelson was arrested on December 30, 2019, on warrants for breaching bail and suspicion of shoplifting (Supplied)
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"The Bail Act has a discriminatory impact on First Nations people, resulting in grossly disproportionate rates remanded in custody, the most egregious of which affects alleged offenders who are Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women," McGregor said.

He said prior to those changes Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 8.2 per cent of the state's prison population, and First Nations women were 10 per cent of female inmates.

But he number of Aboriginal women nearly doubled after the 2018 changes, McGregor said.

Of those, 61 per cent of unsentenced women were held on charges that did not involve violence.

McGregor also found that Victoria Police failed to consider Nelson's Aboriginality and vulnerability, and violated her human rights.

Police argued she was an unacceptable risk to re-offend on bail and should not be granted bail.

McGregor said the remand summary was riddled with mistakes and was misleading.

Veronica Nelson's mother Aunty Donna Nelson arrives at the Coroners Court of Victoria during the Inquest into the death of Veronica Nelso. (AAP Image/Diego Fedele)

Without legal representation for her bail application, Nelson did not challenge those claims, nor was she aware of her rights, the coroner said.

"Her journey through the criminal justice system occurred without her speaking to a single Aboriginal person employed in these roles," he said.

He called for urgent bail reform, stating the "reverse onus regime incompatible with human rights".

Nelson was arrested on December 30, 2019, on warrants for breaching bail and suspicion of shoplifting.

Following her 49 calls for help, Nelson was found dead in her cell at Dame Phyllis Frost Centre on January 2.

Following dozens of calls for help, Nelson was found dead in her cell at Dame Phyllis Frost Centre on January 2. (Supplied)

She died from complications of Wilkie's syndrome, in a setting of withdrawal from heroin.

The coroner found corrections had failed to provide her with adequate healthcare.

After pressure from Nelson's family and legal advocates, Attorney-General Jaclyn Symes last week confirmed changes to the laws were being discussed.

Nelson's mother, Aunty Donna Nelson, sat in the front row of the court wearing a possum skin cloak and wiped away tears throughout the hearing.

The court room is filled with family and supporters, many from Shepparton and Narrandera in NSW, wearing "Justice for Veronica Marie Nelson" T-shirts and others wearing traditional face paint.

For 24/7 crisis support run by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, contact 13YARN (13 92 76).

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