Beijing said Xi’s visit to Russia was a “journey of friendship, cooperation and peace” and again criticised Washington for providing military support to Ukraine.

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin reiterated claims that China remains neutral in the conflict and said it had “no selfish motives on the Ukraine issue, has not stood idly by ... or taken the opportunity to profit itself”.

“What China has done boils down to one word, that is, to promote peace talks,” Wang said at a daily briefing.

Wang also accused the US of lacking impartiality and of “fanning the flames” of the conflict by providing defensive weapons to Ukraine to Washington’s own benefit.

The US, NATO and partner nations have openly supported Kyiv since Russia’s invasion. China is widely seen as providing economic backing for Putin’s regime while avoiding being directly involved.

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“President Xi Jinping’s visit to Russia is a journey of friendship, cooperation and peace, which has aroused positive responses in the international community,” Wang said.

China would “continue to play a constructive role in promoting a political settlement of the Ukrainian issue,” he said, an apparent reference to a 12-point peace proposal put forward by Beijing that calls for a ceasefire and negotiations.

The document has already been dismissed by the West, largely because China — which has said it has a “no-limits” relationship with Moscow — is not seen as an impartial broker and the proposal says nothing about a Russian withdrawal from Ukrainian territory it has occupied by force.

Xi’s visit was heavily promoted by both China and Russia but was overshadowed by a visit to Kyiv by Prime Minister Fumio Kishida of Japan, a close US ally and a key Chinese rival in east Asia.

The US and others have continued to express concerns that China may provide military equipment to supplement its purchases of Russian energy resources and provision of computer chips to keep the Russian economy afloat.

The New York Times on Tuesday said Russia had purchased more than $US12 million ($17 million) in drones and drone parts from China in the year since the invasion began, citing official Russian customs data provided from a source it did not identify.

The paper said it was difficult to tell whether the drones contain American technologies.

It said the shipments included products from DJI, which is among the world’s leading makers of commercial drones, as well as smaller companies, and were often channelled through a web of brokers and smaller export firms.

In other comments on Ukraine, Wang said Russia and China agreed that the UN Charter must be observed and international law be respected.

It said they opposed unilateral sanctions imposed by the US and others to economically punish Putin and his financial backers.

Wang said nothing about the arrest warrant issued for Putin by the International Criminal Court on charges of alleged involvement in abductions of thousands of children from Ukraine.

In a joint statement signed in Moscow, Russia and China emphasised the need to respect security concerns to settle the conflict, echoing Moscow’s argument that it sent in troops to prevent the US and its NATO allies from turning the country into an anti-Russian bulwark.

“The two sides pointed out that the solution to the Ukraine crisis must respect the legitimate security concerns of all countries and prevent the formation of bloc confrontation and fanning flames,” Wang said.

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“The two sides stressed that responsible dialogue is the best way to resolve the issue steadily,” Wang said.

“To this end, the international community should support relevant constructive efforts, and the two sides call for the cessation of all actions that could lead to a tense situation and prolonged war, so as to avoid further deterioration or even loss of control of the crisis,” he said.