“It’s disappointing to see the media and social commentators twist these cultural moments into something they were not,” the statement said. “Shaming celebrities who attended, taking video clips and photos out of context, and trying to link these events to false allegations is simply untrue.”

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The White Parties are not mentioned in the three-count indictment, which charges Combs, 54, with racketeering conspiracy, sex trafficking and transportation to engage in prostitution. He has pleaded not guilty, and his legal team has cast his prosecution as an example of “unjust prosecution” of consensual behaviour.

“He is an imperfect person, but he is not a criminal,” said Marc Agnifilo, a lawyer for Combs. “These are the acts of an innocent man with nothing to hide, and he looks forward to clearing his name in court.”

Nonetheless, the charges have thrust Combs’ parties back into the spotlight, as hundreds of photos of celebrities rubbing shoulders with the musician have resurfaced, including Hollywood A-listers such as Leonardo DiCaprio, writer Salman Rushdie and Donald Trump, an indication of Combs’ broad reach into the worlds of music, movies, fashion and more.

Few of the attendees have spoken in recent days about what it was like inside a Combs party, although celebrities of all stripes have over the years recounted what it was like to hang out with him, sometimes declining – with smiles – to provide more details.

No invitation, perhaps, was more coveted than one to a White Party, which Combs began to stage in the late 1990s. They were lavish, orchestrated events that seemed as much about public relations as carousing. Veteran celebrities mixed with of-the-moment stars and the high-society set at gatherings that often had civic-minded causes. The dress code and decor – all white – suggested a certain pristine simplicity.

“There were the beautiful people, but it also was a lot of Hamptons people, and young people, nightclub kids,” said Patrick McMullan, a nightlife photographer, who attended some of the parties. “They all wanted to be part of that scene.”

In her 114-page suit – which included a “trigger warning” because of its graphic nature – English, who said she worked at several White Parties in the mid-to-late 2000s, suggested the glamour was a facade. At one party, she said Combs asked her to wear a black dress to indicate to other guests that she was available for sexual encounters. She said she was later paid $US1000 for an encounter with a guest, according to the court papers.

English, who had previously worked as an erotic dancer and adult film actor, also accused Combs in her suit of allowing other unidentified men to sexually assault her – and filming the acts – while she was unconscious at White Parties in New York and his home in Star Island, Florida.

“The true nature of her employment at the White Parties was grotesque, inexcusable, exploitative and criminal,” the suit says.

In responding to the suit in July, Davis said: “We live in a world where anyone can file a lawsuit for any reason and without any proof. Fortunately, a fair and impartial judicial process exists to find the truth and Mr Combs is confident he will prevail against these and other baseless claims in court.”

White Parties usually ran from the daytime to the wee hours. Some guests brought their children – as did Combs – who gobbled free ice cream alongside stars. Brand-name sponsors plastered their names on white-carpeted backdrops and gave away swag. Invitees sometimes included, alongside high-profile celebrities and friends, some lesser-known models, at times recruited from New York City catwalk shows.

Pains were taken to make sure the White Parties were well received in the Hamptons, said Nicholas Kraus, whom Combs hired to conduct diplomacy with his Long Island neighbours, including offering them limo rides and dinners at fancy restaurants on Combs’ dollar, to stave off noise complaints.

No expense was spared: In 2004, Combs brought an original copy of the Declaration of Independence to a July 4 White Party in Bridgehampton, a borrowed relic – from television producer Norman Lear – that was accompanied by a team of burly security officers.

“I promise not to spill champagne on it,” Combs joked.

That fete, which was promoted by Sony and also hosted by Jay-Z and Paris Hilton, offered badminton, horseback riding and croquet. It doubled as a kickoff event for a get-out-the-vote organisation that Combs had founded, Citizen Change, part of an effort he described to “make this election the hottest, most sexiest thing ever”.

At the 2009 party, the settings and stagecraft were equally sumptuous, with scores of white ottomans and a custom-built trellis over the pool, wrapped in white gauze, from which Kutcher would later swing. The party promoted Malaria No More, a non-profit that provides mosquito netting and other services in malarial zones. The dress code was strict, and enforced.

“White meant white,” said T. Scott Case, former chief executive of Malaria No More. “Don’t be showing up in eggshell.”

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Some of the White Parties also had a sensual vibe. Models wore angel wings, and occasionally went topless. Photos from the bash in 1998 show Combs pouring champagne over two half-naked women.

As the celebrations transitioned from day to night, guests and hired models sometimes ended up in the pool, fully or partially naked, some attendees said.

Jay Blaze, a recording artist whose music was featured on Combs’ reality competition show Making the Band, attended the 2009 party, after showing up uninvited. Combs let him in, however, on the condition that he go on to “do good things for people”.

As the sun set, Blaze said he grew uncomfortable. Drunk men bellowed at models in the pool, he said, groping or preventing them from getting into dry clothes. No one intervened.

“The response was: ‘It’s a hip-hop party, it’s a Diddy party, it’s the White Party,’” Blaze recalled.

At another White Party, held in 2006 at Nikki Beach, the famed beachside club in Saint Tropez, on the French Riviera, guests encountered erotically charged photos, including two tongues entwined and Combs’ hand over a woman’s bikini bottom. Another photo showed the star shirtless, with his signature sunglasses and a pair of jewel-encrusted crosses dangling over his glistening chest. A yacht bobbed offshore.

Combs discontinued his White Parties after the Beverly Hills event in 2009; his representatives said part of the reason was that the mogul was spending less time in the Hamptons. They added that the parties were “iconic, a true convergence of hip-hop, Hollywood and Black excellence,” with “an endless stream of people vying to attend”.

Now, however, after being denied bail, Combs is being held at the Metropolitan Detention Centre in Brooklyn. He could face life in prison if convicted of racketeering conspiracy; the other two charges also carry the potential for lengthy prison terms.